大地測量學常用英語詞大匯總

考研必備：大地測量學常用英語詞匯

001大地測量geodetic surveying

002幾何大地測量學geometric geodesy

003橢球面大地測量學ellipsoidal geodesy

004大地天文學geodetic astronomy

005物理大地測量學(又稱“大地重力學”)physical geodesy

006空間大地測量學space geodesy

007衛(wèi)星大地測量學satellite geodesy

008動力大地測量學dynamic geodesy

009海洋大地測量學marine geodesy

010月面測量學lunar geodesy，selenodesy

011行星測量學planetary geodesy

012天文大地網(又稱“國家大地網”)astro--geodetic network

013參考橢球reference ellipsoid

014貝塞爾橢球Bessel ellipsoid

015海福德橢球Hayford ellipsoid

016克拉索夫斯基橢球Krasovsky ellipsoid

017參考橢球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid

018大地基準geodetic datum

019大地坐標系geodetic coordinate system

020弧度測量arc measurement

021拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth

022拉普拉斯點Laplace point

023三角測量triangulation

024三角點triangulation point

025三角鎖triangulation chain

026三角網triangulation network

027圖形權倒數weight reciprocal of figure

028菲列羅公式Ferreros formula

029施賴伯全組合測角法Schreiber method in all combinations

030方向觀測法method of direction observation，method by series

031測回observation set

032歸心元素elements of centring

033歸心改正correction for centring

034水平折光差(又稱“旁折光差”)horizontal refraction error

035基線測量base measurement

036基線baseline

037基線網base network

038精密導線測量precise traversing

039三角高程測量trigonometric leveling

040三角高程網trigonometric leveling network

041鉛垂線plumb line

042天頂距zenith distance

043高度角elevation angle，altitude angle

044垂直折光差vertical refraction error

045垂直折光系數vertical refraction coefficient

046國家水準網national leveling network

047精密水準測量Precise leveling

048水準面level surface

049高程height

050正高orthometric height

051正常高normal height

052力高dynamic height

053地球位數geopotential number

054水準點benchmark

055水準路線leveling line

056跨河水準測量river－crossing leveling

057橢球長半徑major radius of ellipsoid

058橢球扁率flattening of ellipsoid

059橢球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid

060子午面meridian plane

061子午圈meridian

062卯酉圈prime vertical

063平行圈parallel circle

064法截面normal section

065子午圈曲率半徑radius of curvature in meridian

066卯酉圈曲率半徑radius of curvature in prime vertical

067平均曲率半徑mean radius of curvature

068大地線geodesic

069大地線微分方程differential equation of geodesic

070大地坐標geodetic coordinate

071大地經度geodetic longitude

072大地緯度geodetic latitude

073大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height

074大地方位角geodetic azimuth

075天文大地垂線偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical

076垂線偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical

077標高差改正correction for skew normals

078截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic

079大地主題正解direct solution of geodetic problem

080大地主題反解inverse solution of geodetic problem

081高斯中緯度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula

082貝塞爾大地主題解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem

083高斯一克呂格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又稱“高斯投影”。

084歸化緯度reduced latitude

085等量緯度isometric latitude

086中央子午線central meridian

087分帶子午線zone dividing meridian

088高斯平面子午線收斂角Gauss grid convergence

089高斯投影距離改正distance correction In Gauss projection

090高斯投影方向改正arc－to－chord correction In Gauss projection

091底點緯度latitude of pedal

092高斯平面坐標Gauss plane coordinate

093坐標方位角grid bearing

094天文點astronomical point

095基本天文點fundamental astronomical point

096本初子午線prime meridian

097經度起算點origin of longitude

098極移polar motion

099瞬時極instantaneous pole

100平極mean pole

101固定平極fixed mean pole

102歷元平極mean pole of the epoch

103國際協(xié)議原點Conventional International Origin，CIO

104地極坐標coordinates of the pole

105地球自轉參數earth rotation parameter，ERP

106恒星時Sidereal time

107世界時universal tim，UT

108協(xié)調世界時coordinated universal time，UTC

109天文年歷astronomical ephemeris，astronomical almanac

110 FK4星表Fourth Fundamental Catalogue，FK4

111 FK5星表Fifth Fundamental Catalogue，FK5

112天文坐標astronomical coordinate

113天文經度astronomical longitude

114天文緯度astronomical latitude

115天文方位角astronomical azimuth

116津格爾[星對]測時法（又稱“東西星等高測時法”）method of time detemination by Zinger star—pair

117中天法transit method

118恒星中天測時法method of time determination by star transit

119塔爾科特測緯度法Talcott method of latitude determination

120多星等高法equal—altitude method of multi－star

121北極星任意時角法method by hour angle of Polaris

122時號time signal

123平時式時號mean—time signal

124協(xié)調世界時時號time signal in UTC

125收時time receiving

126時號改正數correction to time signal

127電波傳播[時延]改正correction for radio wave propagation of time signal

128軸頸誤差error of pivot

129人儀差personal and instrumental equation

130星徑曲率改正correction for curvature of star image path

131重力位gravity potential

132重力gravity

133引力gravitation

134離心力centrifugal force

135引力位gravitational potential

136離心力位potential of centrifugal force

137正常引力位normal gravitational potential

138正常重力位normal gravity potential

139地球位geopotential又稱“大地位”。

140擾動位disturbing potential

141正常重力normal gravity

142正常重力線normal gravity line

143正常重力公式normal gravity formula

144擾動重力disturbing gravity

145平均地球橢球mean earth ellipsoid

146正常橢球normal ellipsoid

147水準橢球level ellipsoid

148大地測量參考系geodetic reference system

149地心引力常數geocentric gravitational constant

150地球長半徑major semi—axis of the earth

151地球扁率flattening factor for the earth，oblateness of the earth

152地球自轉角速度rotational angular velocity of the earth

153地球重力模型earth gravity model

154地球位系數potential coefficient of the earth

155帶諧系數coefficient of zonal harmonics

156扇諧系數coefficient of sectorial harmonics

157田諧系數coefficient of tesseral harmonics

158克萊羅定理Clairaut theorem

159大地測量邊值問題geodetic boundary value problem

160斯托克斯理論Stokes theory

161斯托克斯公式Stokes formula

162莫洛堅斯基理論Molodensky tneory

163莫洛豎斯基公式Molodensky formula

164布耶哈馬問題Bjerhammar problem

165布隆斯公式Bruns formula

166費寧—梅內斯公式Vening—Meinesz formula曾用名“維寧曼乃茲公式”。

167大地水準面geoid

168調整大地水準面co—geoid又稱“共大地水準面”。

169似大地水準面quasi—geoid

170近似地形面telluroid

17I大地水準面起伏geoldal undulation

172大地水準面高geoldal height

173高程異常height anomaly

174天文水準astronomical leveling

175天文重力水準astro—gravimetric leveling

176垂線偏差deflection of the vertical

177絕 對垂線偏差absolute deflection of the vertical

178重力垂線偏差gravimetric deflection of the vertical

179重力測量gravity measurement，gravimetry

180微重力測量microgravimetry

181絕 對重力測量absolute gravity measurement

182相對重力測量relative gravity measurement

183航空重力測量airborne gravity measurement

184重力梯度測量gravity gradient measurement，gradiometry

185重力基線gravimetric baseline

186重力點gravimetric point

187基本重力點basic gravimetric point

188世界重力基點worldwide gravimetric basic point

189波茨坦重力系統(tǒng)Potsdam absolute gravimetric system

190零漂改正correction of zero drift

191重力潮汐改正correction of gravity measurement for tide

192重力歸算gravity reduction

193空間改正free—air correction

194地形改正topographic correction

195法伊改正Faye correction

196龐加萊改正Poincar correction

197地殼均衡改正isostatic correction

198布格改正Bouguer correction

199重力異常gravity anomaly

200布格異常Bouguer anomaly

201空間異常free－air anomaly

202混合重力異常mixed gravity anomaly

203純重力異常pure gravity anomaly

204重力垂直梯度vertical gradient of gravity

205重力水平梯度horizontal gradient of gravity

206重力異常階方差degree variance of gravity anomaly

207協(xié)方差函數covariance function

208固體潮[solid]Earth tide

209固體潮觀測observation of Earth tide

210地傾斜觀測ground tilt measurement

211地殼形變測量crust deformation measurement

212監(jiān)測網monitoring network

213引潮位tide—generating potential

214引潮力tide—generating force

215平衡潮equilibrium tide

216載荷潮load tide

217附加位additional potential

218潮汐波tidal wave

219潮汐頻譜tidal spectrum

220杜德森常數Doodson constant

221勒夫數Love’s number

222志田數Shida’s number

223潮汐因子tidal factor

224相位滯后phase lag

225地球液核動力效應dynamic effect of liquid core of the earth

226地球動力扁率dynamic ellipticity of the earth

227地球動力因子dynamic factor of the earth

228地殼均衡說isostasy hypothesis

229地殼均衡isostasy

230大陸漂移continental drift

231板塊運動plate movement

232衛(wèi)星大地測量幾何法geometrical method of satellite geodesy

233衛(wèi)星大地測量動力法dynamical method of satellite geodesy

234慣性坐標系inertial coordinate system

235天球坐標系celestial coordinate system

236軌道坐標系orbital coordinate system

237地固坐標系body－fixed coordinate System，earth—fixed coordinate System

238站心坐標系topocentric terrestrial coordinate system

239地心直角坐標geocentric rectangular coordinate

240地心經度geocentric longitude

241地心緯度geocentric latitude

242平移參數translation parameters

243旋轉參數rotation parameters

244尺度參數scale parameter

245大地測量衛(wèi)星geodetic satellite

246衛(wèi)星軌道satellite orbit

247受攝軌道disturbed orbit

248衛(wèi)星軌道升交點ascending node of satellite orbit

249衛(wèi)星軌道近地點perigee of satellite orbit

250衛(wèi)星軌道根數（又稱“衛(wèi)星軌道參數”）orbit elements of satellite

251衛(wèi)星軌道長半徑semi－major axis of satellite orbit

252衛(wèi)星軌道偏心率eccentricity of satellite orbit

253衛(wèi)星軌道傾角inclination of satellite orbit

254衛(wèi)星升交點赤經right ascension of satellite ascending node

255衛(wèi)星軌道近地點幅角argument of perigee of satellite orbit

256衛(wèi)星過近地點時刻time of satellite perigee passing

257平均運動mean motion

258衛(wèi)星高度satellite altitude

259近地點高度altitude of perigee

260衛(wèi)星星下點sub－satellite point

261真近點角true anomaly

262偏近點角eccentric anomaly

263平近點角mean anomaly

264軌道周期orbital period

265衛(wèi)星運動方程equation of satellite motion

266攝動力disturbing force

267攝動函數disturbing function

268地球引力攝動terrestrial gravitational perturbation

269日月引力攝動lunisolar gravitational perturbation

270大氣阻力攝動atmospheric drag perturbation

271太陽光壓攝動solar radiation pressure perturbation

272潮汐攝動tidal perturbation

273運動方程分析解analytical solution of motion equation

274運動方程數值解numerical solution of motion equation

275狀態(tài)向量state vector

276一階攝動first order perturbation

277二階攝動second order perturbation

278衛(wèi)星共振分析analysis of satellite resonance

279衛(wèi)星軌道改進improvement of satellite orbit

280照相觀測camera observation，photographic satellite observation

281衛(wèi)星激光測距satellite laser ranging，SLR

282衛(wèi)星多普勒[頻移]測量satellite Doppler shift measurement

283衛(wèi)星測高satellite altimetry

284衛(wèi)星射電干涉測量satellite radio interferometry

285衛(wèi)星跟蹤衛(wèi)星技術satellite－to－satellite tracking

286衛(wèi)星跟蹤站tracking station of satellite

287衛(wèi)星重力梯度測量satellite gradiometry

288衛(wèi)星三角測量satellite triangulation

289同步觀測simultaneous observation

290同步平面synchronous plane

291史密森[天文臺]星表SAO Star catalogue

292底片常數法method of plate constant

293底片方位元素法method of plate orientation elements

294閃爍誤差error of scintillation

295衛(wèi)星相位差phase error of satellite

296衛(wèi)星光行差satellite aberration

297衛(wèi)星多普勒定位satellite Doppler positioning

298多普勒單點定位Doppler point positioning

299多普勒聯(lián)測定位Doppler translocation

300多普勒短弧法定位Doppler positioning by the short arc method

301偽距測量pseudo—range measurement

302載波[差頻]相位測量carrier[beat]phase measurement

303鐘差clock offset，clock correction

304鐘速clock rate

305雙頻信標double frequency beacon

306粗碼Coarse／Acquisition Code，C／A Code

307精碼Precise Code，P Code

308頻偏frequency offset

309頻漂frequency drift

310多普勒計數Doppler count

311廣播星歷broadcast ephemeris

312精密星歷precise ephemeris

313吉爾平面Guier plane

314電離層折射改正ionospheric refraction correction

315對流層折射改正tropospheric refraction correction

316相對論改正relativistic correction

317甚長基線干涉測量very long baseline interferometry，VLBI

318激光測月lunar laser ranging，LLR

319整體大地測量integrated geodesy

320誤差理論theory of errors

321測量誤差observation error

322真誤差true error

323隨機誤差random error

324平均誤差average error

325慨然誤差（又稱“或然誤差”）probable error

326極限誤差limit error

327容許誤差allowable error

328截斷誤差truncation error

329權weight

330單位權unit weight

331僅函數weight function

332權系數weight coefficient

333單位權方差（又稱“方差因子”）variance of unit weight

334權矩陣weight matrix

335權逆陣Inverse of weight matrix

336方差一協(xié)方差陣（又稱“積差陣”）variance—covarlance matrix

337方差一協(xié)方差傳播律variance—covarlance propagation law

338誤差放大因子dilution of precision，DOP

339誤差檢驗error test

340抗差估計（又稱“穩(wěn)健估計”）robust estimation

341最 小二乘法least squares method

342參數千差（又稱“間接平差”）parameter adjustment

343附條件參數平差（又稱“附條件的間接手差”）parameter adjustment with constraint

344觀測方程（又稱“誤差方程”）observation equation

345條件平差condition adjustment

346附參數條件平差condition adjustment with parameters

347條件方程condition equation

348聯(lián)系數correlate

349法方程normal equation

350高斯約化法Gauss method of reduction

351序貫平差successive adjustment

352秩虧網平差rank defect network adjustment

353擬穩(wěn)平差quasi－stable adjustment

354天文大地網平差adjustment of astro－geodetic network

355最 小二乘配置法(又稱“最 小二乘擬合推估法”)least squares collocation

356相關平差adjustment of correlated observation

357平差值adjusted value